NEEDS ANALYSIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING AND LOCAL WISDOM BASED E-LKPD ON STATIC FLUIDS TO FACILITATE STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

Abstract

Critical thinking skills are essential in physics education. This study aimed to analyze initial learning conditions and student needs as a basis for designing a static fluid electronic student worksheet (E-LKPD) integrating Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and local wisdom, with Canva AI supporting its visual design, to facilitate students’ critical thinking skills. The study employed descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods in the Define phase of the 4-D development model, involving initial, student, task, and concept analyses, as well as the formulation of learning objectives. Participants included 30 Grade XI Phase F students and one physics teacher at SMA Negeri 1 Lunang. Data were collected through teacher interviews, student needs questionnaires, and an initial critical thinking test, then analyzed descriptively and using percentages. The initial test showed that students’ critical thinking skills were low, with an average percentage of 31.08%; self-regulation had the lowest percentage 24.16%. Although students showed strong interest in physics and readiness to use digital devices, existing learning materials had not optimally integrated interactive digital learning, local wisdom, and activities addressing all six critical thinking indicators. These findings indicate the need for an E-LKPD that combines contextual problems rooted in local wisdom, PBL learning stages, and Canva AI-supported visual design. The study’s specific contribution is a needs-based design foundation that aligns local contexts, PBL activities, and visual learning resources with the six indicators of critical thinking skills.