Development of Electronic Student Worksheets Based on FLIP PDF Using Problem Based Learning Models on Static Fluid Material

Abstract

Teaching materials are a fundamental component in ensuring the success of educational transformation, particularly within the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka, which emphasizes active student engagement. However, observations reveal that student worksheets (LKPD) currently used in physics learning are predominantly conventional and lack the structural standards necessary to stimulate thinking skills. This situation contributes to low student learning outcomes, especially in static fluid topics. To address these challenges, this study aims to develop a Flip PDF based E-LKPD integrated with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model and evaluate its validity and practicality in physics education. This Research and Development (R&D) study utilizes the Plomp development model, comprising three stages: preliminary research, development or prototyping phase, and assessment phase. This research was conducted up to the prototyping phase, specifically through small group trials. Preliminary data were collected via interviews and questionnaires. Subsequently, the product underwent self evaluation and validation by three physics experts from FMIPA UNP. Practicality was assessed using one to one and small group methods with questionnaires, interpreted through a modified Riduwan scale. The findings demonstrate highly positive results: a self evaluation score of 91%, expert validity of 93% (highly valid), and a one to one practicality score of 94%. Furthermore, the small group trial yielded average scores of 93% from students and 99% from teachers, both categorized as highly practical. In conclusion, the PBL based E-LKPD using Flip PDF for static fluid material is proven to be valid and practical, making it feasible for use as an effective learning medium.